A food chain shows how energy and nutrients flow from one organism to another in an ecosystem, starting from producers to consumers.

Producers are organisms, like plants, that make their own food using sunlight through a process called photosynthesis.

A consumer is an organism that eats other organisms for energy. Consumers can be herbivores, carnivores, or omnivores.

An omnivore is an animal that eats both plants and animals.

A herbivore is an animal that only eats plants.

A carnivore is an animal that only eats other animals.

A food web is a complex network of interconnected food chains that shows how different organisms are related in an ecosystem.

Arrows in a food chain show the direction of energy flow, going from the food to the organism that eats it.

Hawks may move to cities like New York in search of food, nesting sites, or to adapt to changing environments.

Sunlight is essential for producers to create food through photosynthesis, which is the starting point of the food chain.