An air mass is a large body of air that has uniform temperature and humidity characteristics. It forms over a specific area, such as land or water.

The two main types of air masses are maritime (formed over water) and continental (formed over land).

A warm front is the leading edge of a warm air mass that is replacing a cold air mass. It typically brings gradual warming and precipitation.

A cold front is the leading edge of a cold air mass that is replacing a warm air mass. It often brings sudden temperature drops and storms.

A stationary front occurs when a warm air mass and a cold air mass meet but neither is strong enough to replace the other, leading to prolonged weather conditions.

An occluded front occurs when a cold front overtakes a warm front, lifting the warm air mass off the ground and often leading to complex weather patterns.

Warm fronts are typically associated with warm and humid weather after they pass, along with gradual increases in temperature.

Cold fronts are often associated with thunderstorms, heavy rain, and a sudden drop in temperature.

Humidity affects weather by influencing precipitation, cloud formation, and temperature. High humidity can lead to rain and storms.

A maritime air mass is characterized by being moist and humid, as it forms over oceans or large bodies of water.